Personal statement for transferring to UW Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

For moving to UW - Personal Statement Example I have consistently been interested by patterns in the structure business, from the old plans to the contemporary urban design; current urban areas are evidently wonderful, especially in the glare of city lights and stars around evening time, because of the superb visual impression of milestone high rises. Since the time I was a kid, viewing my father work in a nearby development firm as a designer caused me to build up a specific enthusiasm for the calling; moreover, growing up and encountering the magnificence of engineering plans, I realized I must be a planner simply like my dad. My family moved to the US from South Korea in late 2012, which inferred that I could no longer keep concentrating in my past school in my nation; following this turn of events, I stopped my investigations to go with my family in the US. I chose to enjoy an instructive reprieve to pull together on my profession objectives while permitting my family to settle and straighten out to the US society, I have been out of school for 18 months now, and I am prepared to continue my investigations. I plan to consider Geography as my major since I trust it will establish a solid framework for my later profession desire as a planner. I picked Geography as my major since it will open me to an immense assortment of information in the fields of the physical, fabricated and human conditions; this information will give a solid establishment whereupon my later vocation as a designer will be constructed in the end. The UW will be deliberately significant in accomplishing both my profession and individual objectives from multiple points of view; the UW will provide food for my vocation objectives through its peaceful condition, assets and a devoted workforce that will furnish me with the pertinent information and aptitudes that will suit my future profession desire. Other than that, the UW will likewise cook for my self-awareness and social needs since it will offer me sufficient chances to

Goal Concepts In Personality And Social -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Goal Concepts In Personality And Social Psychology? Answer: Introducation Authoritative conduct is accepted to be the investigation of the practices of the individuals in hierarchical settings (Robbins, Judge Campbell, 2014). The people are considered and seen to comprehend the way where they can fit in the authoritative profile. In such manner, it tends to be said that the character of representatives assumes a significant job in the compelling work execution. The character of an individual aides in deciding the degree of mentality they have and the way where this quality can assist a tasks with succeeding. The exposition features the idea and the sorts of character that exists among people. The use of these characteristics in the hierarchical setting and the viable outcomes it has on an association is featured in the paper. As indicated by Revelle (2017), character is a lot of propensities, practices and feelings that an individual gets either from the birth or from the general public. Discussions about the appropriation of character quality are a puzzle as researchers contend with the correct starting point of the characteristic. It has been built up that character of a representative exists because of the inspirational variables that are given together the mental collaborations that people have with the earth (Cleckley, 2016). Probably the best researchers have endeavored to recognize the elements and clarify the inclination behind the distinctions in the conduct of individuals. In such manner, a few models have been created to comprehend the character qualities and access its suggestions in the authoritative setting. The character of people changes from individuals to individuals contingent on the way in which individuals react to circumstances. According to the proceeding with banter, the root of the attribute can't be supported. Be that as it may, the sorts can be recognized particularly and individuals will in general order an individual dependent on the sorts. As per Wood et al., (2016), sixteen character types can be handily recognized that gives associations a chance to isolate the workforce of a person. These sixteen character types are: One of the character types that an individual may obtain is that of the controller. For this situation, an individual relies on customs and old school esteems as opposed to the cutting edge method of accomplishing work. These individuals will in general resist the urge to panic, peaceful and upstanding about their characters. In an authoritative setting, these people contribute by trying sincerely and keeping each standard and guideline. They respect the social and social obligations gave to them to the advancement of an association. Aside from this, there is additionally the instructor that is progressively visionary and enjoys giving imaginative thoughts. As indicated by Beck, Davis and Freeman (2015), in the cutting edge world, individuals having this kind of character are looked for after because of the newness of thoughts that they give to the association. The driving force is another character type that likes to work alone than in a gathering. The commitment made by these individuals is the way that they question each activity and continue with alert before enjoying any movement. The supplier will in general live in a conjured up universe than this present reality. They anticipate the future and make arrangements dependent on the predicting of things to come. The expert furnishes an association with unconstrained choices promoting. Notwithstanding realizing them well, individuals can't foresee the responses that may be given by them (Cervone Pervin, 2015). Then again, the supplier character type will in general communicate with individuals and make them well known among others. These individuals can assist associations with organizing get-togethers to support the organization. The romantic character type is individuals that like to stay quiet about their own life. They don't talk a lot and consider the circumstances that happen around them. These individuals can increase an appropriate knowledge into the working of an association and can add to finding the more profound significance of life. Pervin (2015) expressed that the entertainer character type is the individuals that like to pick up the spotlight. They can be considered as future pioneers in an association as these individuals appreciate being the focal point of fascination. The victor character type suits individuals that are attentive and discerning. They add to an association by making new techniques, propensities and thoughts. This can assist associations with coming with new and creative thoughts for progress. The practitioner character type requires social cooperation alongside sentiments and feelings. These individuals add to an association by actualizing viable abilities as opposed to hypothetical information. In any case, they will in general interpretation of the movement without appropriately understanding the circumstances and usually wind up comprehending the missteps. Then again, the director, are sorted out laborers that commit their experience for the improvement of an association. They are progressively dictatorial in nature and accept that the choices taken by them are directly all around. The authority manages circumstances intelligently and is viewed as regular pioneers. As indicated by Coccia (2014), these individuals can likewise be considered as pioneers of an association later on. The scholar character type gives magnificent investigation and rationale to crafted by an association. The follow the examples and stay away from viable exercises. The nurturer gives an association a feeling of liberality. These sorts of individuals will in general be delicate and urge individuals to draw out the best in them. The visionary character individuals can talk about realities and speculations in subtleties. They don't enjoy public activity and give a legitimate, discerning and intelligent methodology. The arranger is progressively inverse to the visionaries as regardless of being thoughtful people they like to interface with individuals. They have confidence in embracing the here and now and being unconstrained. In the assessment of Robbins, Millett Waters-Marsh (2014) the most well-known character model that is utilized successfully is the Big Five character characteristic. It is otherwise called the Five Factor Model (FFM) in which connections are created between a portion of the sorts of character. The elements that are utilized so as to investigate the character of the people have been given an abbreviation considered OCEAN that is identified with the main letters of the elements. For instance, the receptiveness to experience can assist a person with being autonomous and inventive. They seek after the self-realization needs above everything else. The good faith nature gives a propensity to be sorted out in the work. They can be obstinate and simultaneously temperamental relying upon the degree of honesty (Buss Plomin, 2014). The extraversion characteristic features the degree of cooperation and vitality that an individual has to be fruitful in the business. Suitability demonstrates the degree to which individuals are happy to acknowledge the slip-ups and concur with others by confiding in them and being strong of them. The neuroticism examinations the enthusiastic security of people. In view of the model and character type, a model can be viewed as that features the achievement suffered by an association because of the character quality of a person. The case of Steve Jobs can be considered as he showed extraordinary character quality in setting up one of the best associations in the present day. As indicated by Clark and Vanderbleek (2016) Robbins (2017), the relationship that exists among the variables of the Big Five model can be plainly found in the character of Steve Jobs. The way that he was an energy about workmanship added to the improvement of MAC PCs that could speak with individuals. Simultaneously, the propensity appeared by him to stay sorted out aided in the development of the association from a little carport behind a house. The tenacity and the fixation appeared by Jobs demonstrate the energy he had in observing his work gain achievement. Aside from this Steve Jobs likewise looked for consideration and thought about the restrictions that he had for the underlying disappointment of the structures. This demonstrates he is an outgoing person individual with vitality to develop constantly in the serious world. The helpful and the humane nature appeared by Jobs was the factor that prompted the development of Apple and the way that the association is right now run by more than 123,000 workers. The enthusiastic strength appeared by Jobs is another explanation behind his prosperity. In spite of the underlying disappointment, Steve Jobs didn't show any powerlessness and proceeded with the development of the organization. Subsequently, it very well may be inferred that character assumes a significant job for workers to land their ideal positions. The way where, associations delegate assignments to representatives are relied upon the brain science sorts of the people. The utilization of the Big Five model aides in understanding the network that exists among the character characteristics. The example of overcoming adversity of Steve Jobs can be considered as rousing as it features the accomplishment of an effective profession because of the character attribute. Henceforth, associations need to oversee individuals dependent on their character. One of the manners in which that can be utilized to get to the character of people is by leading a character test. To do so associations can take up the Big Five model test and dissect the characters of the people. Reference Beck, A. T., Davis, D. D., Freeman, A. (Eds.). (2015).Cognitive treatment of character issue. Guilford Publications. Buss, A. H., Plomin, R. (2014).Temperament (PLE: Emotion): Early creating character traits(Vol. 3). Brain science Press. Cervone, D., Pervin, L. A. (2015).Personality, fastener prepared form: hypothesis and research. John Wiley Sons. Clark, L. A., Vanderbleek, E. (2016). Timetable for nonadaptive and versatile personality.Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, 1-4. Cleckley,

A Tale of Two Classes

A Tale of Two Classes How do you go from taking 5 classes a term to only taking 2? You would think its easy, but its really not. So this semester is the FIRST SEMESTER EVER that Ive taken less than 48 units. So what am I taking you ask? 7.06: Cell Biology Lecture: Tuesday and Thursday 9:30 11 am Recitation: Friday 11 am Professors: H. Ploegh and T. Orr-Weaver Biology of cells of higher organisms: structure, function, and biosynthesis of cellular membranes and organelles; cell growth and oncogenic transformation; transport, receptors, and cell signaling; the cytoskeleton, the extracellular matrix, and cell movements; chromatin structure and RNA synthesis. Commentary: We watched this video the first day of lecture. Possibly one of the best science videos ever. 2.008: Design and Manufacturing II Lecture: Monday and Wednesday 12:30 2 pm Lab: Wednesday 2 5 pm Professors: J. Chun Integration of design, engineering, and management disciplines and practices for analysis and design of manufacturing enterprises. Emphasis is on the physics and stochastic nature of manufacturing processes and systems, and their effects on quality, rate, cost, and flexibility. Topics include process physics and control, design for manufacturing, and manufacturing systems. Group project requires design and fabrication of parts using mass-production and assembly methods to produce a product in quantity. Commentary: WE GET TO MAKE YO-YOS IN THIS CLASS. And the professor gives us chocolate halfway through lecture. Sidebar Commentary: So this is the first time in my life that Ive participated in Lent. For the record, Im giving up sweets and complaining. The last time I did anything for several days back to back was senior year of high school when a few friends of mine and I decided to see how long we were willing to wear the exact same outfit to school (yes, we did shower and yes, we washed our clothes). Scene: 2.008 Lecture on Wednesday Professor Chun begins to distribute chocolate to the class. I dig through the bag for my favorite piece of chocolate. I bite in. Me: Oh crap. Im not supposed to be eating this. Rob: That would be correct. Rob takes the chocolate from me and eats it. This is going to be a rough 40 days. So the reason I only wanted to take 2 classes this term is because I expected applying to graduate school to take up a lot of my time this semester especially having to fly out for interviews. Surprisingly, this strange thing has been happening lately. I get an invitation to interview at a school. I confirm. In the interim time between the invitation to interview and the actual interview, I get accepted. This happened yesterday with UC Berkeley right before I went up on stage at the Medlinks date auction (to be blogged tomorrow). It happened with UPenn about 3 weeks ago. Its a nice feeling. So for the record: Applied to 8 Schools Accepted to 5 Interviews at 2 others Havent heard a thing from the last one Oh, and about Berkeley? Did anyone watch the OC Series FinaleBen? What will I ever do with my Thursday nights?

Sappi And Sustainability Sappi North America - 990 Words

Sappi and Sustainability Sappi North America owns a paper mill in Skowhegan, Maine and another in Westbrook. The article I read was predominantly about the Skowhegan Sappi Mill, which has been ranked among the worst polluters in the state of Maine. Sappi North America came out with their sustainability report for 2015 back in May after a tax agreement was completed with the town of Skowhegan. I live in Madison, which is the next town over from Skowhegan, and our paper mill stopped production of is paper this past May soon after Sappi released their sustainability report. The issue of taxes is something the town of Madison is still dealing with and something Skowhegan hopes they will not have to deal with. This, however, seems inevitable as evaluations continue to drop the value of mills in the state, forcing towns to find money somewhere else. There are three major issues Sappi must deal with. The first problem is the closing of other paper mills in the area. The Madison Mill, along with four other paper mills in Maine, have shut down over the past couple of years (Harlow, 2016). This is a result of better technology including laptops, tablets, email, instant messaging, and online shopping. People do not need paper for writing letters, printing assignments, or looking through catalogs anymore, causing the demand for paper to drop. Companies that still use paper for catalogs and magazines have start to buy paper from mills in other countries, such as Canada, which offShow MoreRelatedCase Analysis-Arauco3446 Words   |  14 Pageslong-term cooperation relationships with many developed and developing countries, which would do great help in promoting the development of foreign trade because of the tax-free incentives. For example, as a free trade partner with European Union and America, Chile had achieved fruitful results, es pecially from the recovery of American economy. Furthmore, it was well known that the exchange rate was vital for the development of economy. In 2002, the exchange rate between dollar and peso moved from 1:688Read Morecorporate social responsibility motivations and country factors3504 Words   |  15 Pageshonoured by the company in goodwill so as to position oneself as a positively value-driven entity (Swanson 1995; Wood 1991). CSR initiatives can be derived out of self-interest, or external pressure from institutional economics (Meyer and Rowan 1991; North 1992) or when a company decides to rise above its economic function to help and aid stakeholders (Trevino and Nelson, 2004). While there are many reasons for a company to engage in CSR, it ultimately assists the corporation in enhancing its legitimacyRead MoreCase 11 Mabindra Mabindra B 10337 Words   |  42 Pagescompany stormed into the global limelight with the formidable success of its Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV)-the S.c orpio.,,3 Going forward, MM planned to expand its global reach by launching its vehicles in the international markets including North America, Europe, Africa, and Asia. However, analysts said it This case study was written by Syeda Maseeha Qumer and Vandana Jayakumar, under the direction of Vara Vasanthi, IBS Hyderabad. It is intended to be used as the basis for class discussion rather

Diversity Training And Its Effectiveness - 1240 Words

Diversity may be defined as recognizing and respecting the similarities, differences and unique characteristics an individual employee contributes to the workplace. Diversity training and its effectiveness in the workplace has been met with differing conclusions as to the positive or negative impact this type of training may have on an organization. Today, change in the workplace is inevitable and diversity training in the workplace has become common across the globe. Companies now realize that the need for diversity training has increased tremendously and that if diversity is not valued in the workplace, cost and productivity may be negatively impacted. In 2010, researchers found that minorities made up half of the new employees hired†¦show more content†¦Tools such as the internet and email are good ways to eliminate cultural barriers, improve communication and understanding, and employee knowledge sharing. New approaches to how business is conducted such as virtual em ployees also contribute to the diversification of the workplace. Diversity training is not only necessary in the U.S., but now includes many countries around the globe. There are generally 2 reasons diversity training in the workplace is necessary; changes in the make-up of the population and globalization. Increases in the immigrant population and minority births have contributed to the increase in cultural diversity in the workplace. According to (Teixeira, 2013) In the 90’s, 58 percent of net workforce growth came from native born Americans who were not children of immigrants (that is, second generation or later Americans). In the 2000’s, that figure dropped to just half its previous level (29 percent). In this decade, projections indicate the figure will erode only slightly to 28 percent, but that will be followed by another sharp drop to just 3 percent in the 2020’s. In that decade, essentially all (97 percent) of workforce growth will come from immigra nts and their children (Immigrants and Minorities Are Powering America’s Workforce Growth, para. 3). U.S. and global competition means that companies must compete internationally as well as compete for and retain the best possibleShow MoreRelatedWhat Do You Define Diversity Within A Workplace?791 Words   |  4 Pages How do you define diversity in a workplace? Do you fall victim to a non diversified workplace where everyone seems out of place? Many people have different views on this the topic of diversity, but do not necessarily understand it fully in a workplace. If your job has numerous age groups, races, religious beliefs, and equal amount of gender, then your job is practicing diversification. A lot of companies are making it more known that they enforce diversity in their workplaces. 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English Is the Only Foreign Language Worth Learning Free Essays

English is the only foreign language worth learning I likely diasgree with this statement. Every language is worth learning because it is how we communicate with each other. English is third most spoken language in the world, after Chinese and Spanish. We will write a custom essay sample on English Is the Only Foreign Language Worth Learning or any similar topic only for you Order Now I think English is leading language on this planet because Chinese and Spanish are spoken only in few countries. There are approximately 370 million native English speakers all around the world. On top that, there are roughly the same amout who use English as second or third language. And let’s not forget about technologies. Nowadays, it’s hard to find a device without built-in English interface. Is is also considered as the language of international business. In my honest opinion, I’d recommend to learn as many languages as possible. It doesn’t matter if it’s French, Dutch, Spanish, Mandarin, Korean or any other language. It breaks the language barrier between people. Few years ago, some teacher of mine told me that I have to learn as many languages as possible because it is my treasure. The treasure that cannot be taken away from me. Since then I usually visualize language as a key that unlocks the world to me. Knowing other languages greatly increases the number of people on the globe with whom you can communicate. You can have friends, pen pals and spouses from all over the world. In addition, people with multilingual skills look more attractive to employers. Chances are that knowing languages will open up employment opportunities that you would not have had otherwise. With greater language skills you can easily raise the amount of your salary. There are other advantages of learning languages. If you know foreign language it gives you the opportunity to step outside your comfort zone and have a deeper understanding of foreign cultures through books, songs and other aspects of culture. Any language is wonderful way to expand your horizon. In conclusion, we are only in the beginning of the journey through our life. Let’s not waste our time and learn languages so we can interact with as many people as possible. Any new language is a new opportunity for you. How to cite English Is the Only Foreign Language Worth Learning, Essay examples

Managerial Economics and Globalization free essay sample

This research is the direct result of Domino Pizza’s’ interest in entering the marketplace in our community. Conducting this demand analysis and forecast for pizza will aid in the decision as to whether or not Domino’s should establish a presence in our community. There are many variables relevant to a company’s major business decisions and success. Independent variables or experimental variables as they are sometimes called is the variable being manipulated in the experiment to show the effect on the dependent variable. The dependent variable also known as the response variable is the variable being observed in the experiment. A change in the independent variable is what causes the change if any in the dependent variable, which is the purpose of the experiment. Marketing departments use demographic variables like income level, gender, location, race, and family size, as an important input when formulating target customer profiles. Research for the demographics in this report were taken from the 2012 United States Census Bureau for Darlington, South Carolina and include average yearly income, total population and number of people per household. We will write a custom essay sample on Managerial Economics and Globalization or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The remaining variables for this report include pizza and soda costs. The data for this report is as follows; population: 68,139, number of people per household: 2. 56, average income per household: $38,567, price large meat lovers pizza -feeds approx. 3-4 people: $12. 10 after taxes, price per Sierra Mist 2L soda: $2. 5, number of households: 26,279 (United States Cesu Bureau, 2012). Using Excel or other calculation software, input the data you collected in criterion one to calculate an estimated regression. Then, from the calculation provided, interpret the coefficient of determination indicating how it will influence your decision to open the pizza business. The law of demand simply says that when the price of a good rises, the amount demanded falls, and when the price falls, the amount demanded rises. An increase in demand means that the demand curve will shift to the right. A decrease in the price of the product will not shift the demand curve, but will increase the quantity demanded (Henderson, 2008). The Coefficient of Determination Interpretation is the accuracy of the predictor of the independent variable on the dependent variable value. The coefficient of determination is calculated as the square of the correlation coefficient between the sample and predicted data. How well a regression model fits the data is shown through the coefficient of determination. The value of the coefficient of determination shows the percentage of variation that can be explained by the regression equation and is used to show how accurately a regression model can predict future outcomes (Mahvish Zehra, n. d. ). The interpretation of each independent variable coefficient is as following. There is a decrease in the demand for pizza. The coefficient of the cost of pizza is, – 3,174. 060 and the coefficient of the cost of soda is, -2,266. 36 this shows a negative impact on demand. Although small, the coefficient of total population . 579, and the average income per house hold of . 035 which shows that Average income per house hold has a positive impact on demand and as income increases the demand of pizza increases. No other variables are needed to improve the coefficient of determination. The coefficient of determination of the independent variables is almost 80pe cent and demonstrates the efficiency of the regression model and can be used to predict demand and future business decisions. Forecast the demand for pizza in your community for the next four months in your community, using the regression equation including the assumptions that were used to create the demand. Justify the assumptions made related to the forecast. We calculated demand for the first year and second year as follows. Based on our forecasted demand for the first four months which did not generate little to no sales we think it would be a bad idea for Domino’s Pizza to establish its presence in our community.

Organizational Change †Challenger Disaster

Organizational Change – Challenger Disaster Free Online Research Papers A review of the external and internal threats will help determine the weakness of the problem analysis related to the launching of space shuttle Challenger. At the time of the accident, the country was experiencing an economic slowdown. Considering the economic climate, Congress wanted to know if the American people still support the huge requirements of the program. The government ruled out increase in taxes being an election year. Simultaneous to the congressional investigation was a launch of space shuttle Challenger. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) wanted a successful launch. A no-launch situation might convince Congress to slash the program’s budget. Furthermore, Americans were anticipating the first female astronaut-teacher crewmember. Internally, NASA undertook cost-cutting measures and approved the use of materials approved by sister industries. At the time of the launch, engineers expressed concern over two factors: a) The o-ring which is not designed to operate at the existing temperature of -32 degrees Fahrenheit; b) There was a question on the stability and predictability of engine propulsion. Given the above problem considerations, NASA formulated two alternative decisions: launch now or wait for better weather conditions. NASA was faced with decision traps, the framing trap and the confirming evidence trap (Langlois, H, 2007). Unfortunately, it was not able to identify and cope with them. NASA management argued a successful launch would guarantee congressional budget approval (framing trap). There was a presumption the launch will be successful, as previous launches before. This line of thinking blocked the consideration of safety factors. It only considered the external threats. In this case, the reframing trap would have been resolved if the framing option considered the internal technical weaknesses related to the planned launch. Other possible outcomes could have surfaced with the reframing of the problem. At this point, it is not important if ultimate problem was one of the possible outcomes. What is valuable to NASA is that there is free flow of communication among its employees who are receptive to ideas due to the logic of any proposed outcome. The group of administrators led by Dr. Loyal downplayed the technical considerations and believed launch should proceed. It got support from smaller groups involved in the lobbying efforts – who naturally would like the launch to proceed as scheduled (confirming evidence trap). Getting the support was a selfish move since the outcome would definitely be in Dr. Loyal’s favor. The internal goals of each group should have been considered in the decision. The administrative group anted a launch while the engineering group wanted a postponement. Are they the only groups a giant organization NASA has? Truly, other groups in NASA, with their respective interest, exist and who may help add to the factors for consideration. On these bases, alternatives generation can improve. Two questions that may have cropped up: Will a launch postponement result in a budget slash? Will a launch problem endanger the very existence of the space shuttle program? Some theories in organizational behavior stress the importance of organizational resiliency and learning. Caralli (2006) said that the success of an organization relies on its resiliency and ability to adapt to changes in its environments. They define resiliency as the organization’s capability to change business processes, tactics and strategies as called for by its environments. The procedures in the previous successful launches were obviously not followed. It is surprising that NASA administration disregarded available competent technical information prior to the launch. Politics predominated the internal technical launch processes and this partly explains the failure. The organization’s reaction was focused on budgetary concerns. Budget is a valid concern, but it disregarded the success of its main function and that is to launch the space shuttle into outer space safely. McShane and Von Glinow (2005) define organizational learning as the internal corporate business process that facilitates the acquisition, sharing and use of knowledge within the whole organization. By doing so, the organization is able to achieve its tasks and mission. Technical people are also at fault. How did faulty o-rings get installed in the space shuttle? Why was engine propulsion unreliable even at the last moment, when the whole launch process is dependent on this factor? With all its technical capabilities, it seems the NASA organization has a problem in managing the flow of internal technical information. Problem Framing and Decision Making The external threat of a budgetary slash was capably handled by the groups assigned. The same group will be assigned to explain the highly technical processes of the space shuttle program to the congressional committees concerned. They have to explain in laymen’s language that the level of technicality requires that all the millions of parts of the shuttle has to function effectively and efficiently. These include small parts such as nuts and bolts and o-rings. Any question on the integrity of any of its parts requires the postponement of launch. The ability to monitor and trace each of these parts explains why the budgetary requirement of NASA is so huge. Any cut in the budgetary level endangers the safety of the technical crew and the astronauts, themselves. Remember one of them was a chosen schoolteacher whose participation in that planned space journey was highly anticipated by the American people. With this reasoning, the congressional committees involved will mos t likely leave the proposed budget untouched. The same group can explain further that even with such a huge budget, NASA has undertaken cost-cutting measures in order to maximize the use of the people’s money in the program. The cost-cutting measures should initiate the search for cheaper alternatives. By setting acceptable quality standards, all proposed replacement parts shall be subject to tests. Due to the highly technical requirements of the space shuttle, all possible replacement parts will be tested without exception. The performance of parts which pass the tests will be compared to that of the original parts. In this manner, the performance data of the new part is anchored on the performance data of the old part. Resulting problems will be exhaustively discussed along the organizational hierarchy in order to extract all possible points of view within the organization. After this process, the problem will be framed and defined accordingly. To solve the problem, all alternatives will be considered and decisions formulated. As part of NASA leadership, the cultural and power structure of the organization shall be taken into consideration when assessing the various points of view of the individuals and groups in the organization. This practice provides a safety net from heuristic traps that tends to block or limit the ideas coming from the men and women of NASA. An organization composed of one of the brightest minds in America. The leadership’s responsibility is to guide the NASA organization in the achievement of its mission and vision. The existence of NASA or any of its projects is not the decision of NASA itself. The fact that it is funded by the government means that the American people decide on these matters. Therefore, the leadership can only follow what the people say and this is voiced through its various branches: executive, legislative and judiciary. The fact that the administrative group within NASA was able to influence the launch decision deserves a review of the power structure of the organization. People with expertise in administration and finance should not be involved in the launch decision. Leadership should be able to establish a system where the integrity of the decision made is based on the right parties. By maintaining this policy, corporate politics will not interfere with the professional work of each group. The technicians and engineers will also be limited to their area of expertise. The leadership should also see to it that information is handled objectively. New knowledge will be absorbed through a systematic process that is anchored on old knowledge. The objective for NASA is actually to transform it into a truly a learning organization. In this way, errors of the past can be avoided. As modernization moves fast forward, information will play a key part in the survival of organizations. It is essential that organizations have the capacity to learn as an organization so that new knowledge can be acquired, adopted and used. Reference CARALLI, R. 2006. Sustaining operational resiliency: A process improvement approach to security management. Networked systems survivability program, CERT coordination center. Available: cert.org/archive/pdf/sustainoperresil0604.pdf [7 January 2008]. LANGLOIS, H. 2007. The challenge of changing, part II. Massachusetts: Cambridge [Course notes.] Available: http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic203996.files/Challenge_in_Changing092507B.ppt [January 8, 2008]. MCSHANE, S.L., VON GLINOW, M.A. 2005. Organizational behavior: Emerging realities for the workplace revolution, 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education (Asia). Research Papers on Organizational Change - Challenger DisasterResearch Process Part OneIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

A Timeline of the Building of the Chunnel

A Timeline of the Building of the Chunnel Building the Chunnel, or Channel Tunnel, was one of the largest and most impressive engineering tasks of the 20th century. Engineers had to find a way to dig under the English Channel, creating three tunnels under the water. Find out more about this amazing engineering feat through this Chunnel timeline. A Timeline of the Chunnel 1802 French engineer Albert Mathieu Favier created a plan to dig a tunnel under the English Channel for horse-drawn carriages. 1856 Frenchman Aimà © Thomà © de Gamond created a plan to dig two tunnels, one from Great Britain and one from France, that meet in the middle on an artificial island. 1880 Sir Edward Watkin began drilling two underwater tunnels, one from the British side and the other from the French. However, after two years, the British publics fears of an invasion won out and Watkins was forced to stop drilling. 1973 Britain and France agreed on an underwater railway that would link their two countries. Geologic investigations began and digging started. However, two years later, Britain pulled out because of an economic recession. November 1984 British and French leaders once again agreed that a Channel link would be mutually beneficial. Since they realized that their own governments could not fund such a monumental project, they held a contest. April 2, 1985 A contest to find a company that could plan, fund, and operate a Channel link was announced. January 20, 1986 The winner of the contest was announced. The design for a Channel Tunnel (or Chunnel), an underwater railway, was chosen. February 12, 1986 Representatives from both the United Kingdom and France signed a treaty approving the Channel Tunnel. December 15, 1987 Digging began on the British side, starting with the middle, service tunnel. February 28, 1988 Digging began on the French side, starting with the middle, service tunnel. December 1, 1990 The linking of the first tunnel was celebrated. It was the first time in history that Great Britain and France were connected. May 22, 1991 The British and French met in the middle of the northern running tunnel. June 28, 1991 The British and French met in the middle of the southern running tunnel. December 10, 1993 The first test-run of the entire Channel Tunnel was conducted. May 6, 1994 The Channel Tunnel officially opened. French President Francois Mitterrand and British Queen Elizabeth II were on hand to celebrate. November 18, 1996 A fire broke out on one of the trains in the southern running tunnel (taking passengers from France to Great Britain). Although all the people on board were rescued, the fire did a lot of damage to the train and to the tunnel.

Well-Being And Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Well-Being And Education - Essay Example It is an ambiguous term used widely and frequently in public discourse. Well being can be viewed as a positive mental condition, originally embraced by some scholars as a way of focusing on satisfaction with life and health, as opposed on the focus on mental illnesses and its cures. In a dynamic way of viewing it, â€Å"Well being|† is a state in which a person is able to develop his or her creativity, productivity, potential, and work. It helps one-build positive and strong relationships with others as well as contributes largely to their communities. It is through education that an individual’s well being can enhance a sense of purpose in the society (Kennedy, 2006 45-6). Promoting well being is a legitimate aim of education. Many professionals in the education sector firmly perceive that their work makes individuals have a high self-esteem and have a positive view of their lives. Research shows that most of the adult learners gain evidently in optimism and confidence because of successful learning. Such experiences have also been realized by most practitioners in workplaces, communities, and in colleges. There are numerous justifications for considering the promotion of well being legitimate in education. Apart from being desirable in itself, it has a positive view on the future and a feeling of one’s ability to control his life are crucial to further, on-going successful learning. ... Most importantly, well being creates a focus on the emotional and social features of effective learning including managing feelings, empathy, self-awareness, social skills, and motivation. Educationists typically gauge the well-being of students in terms of test scores, academic achievement, university entrance trends, attendance records, engagement, or success in up to date accountability culture, and international league. The paper presents that promotion of well being is a legitimate aim of education in an exploration of wellness in schools to achieve an overall consideration of this issue. Well being is the foundation or basis on which academic excellence is build and the exemplary behavior is prized. It is quite logical to argue that well being and achievement of learners go hand in hand (Noddings, 1995, 41-2). Indeed, people who have received quality education say that they have the satisfaction in life and that they carry out worthwhile activities. However, it is not always tr ue that education necessarily brings about happiness. The well-being of a learner is as well affected by the way he or she feels, including the health factor. Well being as a legitimate aim of education It is a justifiable aim of education; after all, education is goal-oriented. Moreover, when it comes to parents educating their children, it is believed that well being is a goal worth of pursuit their goals. As a relatively educational, goal, well being is assumed to prepare learners to develop into independent critical thinkers as ethically responsible citizens. It is a global requirement or legal expectation of the whole world that all children get access to universal education for a common good. Education

Statement of purpose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

Statement of purpose - Essay Example This will add onto my competence as a member of the society because the family is the basic unit of the society. Clinically, my pursuit of this program is meant to advance my knowledge of health assessment. Prior studies and internships have underscored to me the need to have the highest level of competence in examining a patient’s medical issue in order to pick on the most suitable intervention that addresses that issue. Additionally, I seek to advance my knowledge of research methods in nursing because I reckon that as a registered nurse, I have a responsibility to generate knowledge, share it with other nurses and contribute to the overall growth and development of the profession of nursing (Codina 266). I seek to pursue this program with an interest of augmenting the skills of identifying and utilizing best practices in my work as a committed registered nurse. The other interest I have in pursuing in this program is to acquire knowledge of managing acute and chronic illnesses. I developed this interest after witnessing how disruptive the effects of such illnesses are to the family. A sizeable portion of scarce family resources goes to the care of chronically ill family members. Besides this economic impact, caregivers of the chronically who lack strong defences can develop depression. My endeavour is to use the knowledge I will get from this course to devise affordable and accessible interventions that can help address the economic, social and psychological toll that acute and chronic illnesses have on both patients and their families (Codina 262). It would be fulfilling to me to see families living happily without being put down by the sickness of one of the members. My value and high esteem for the family unit is one of the things that justify my fitness for the Family Nurse Practitioner program. The clinical hours I have handled in the previous educational levels and in my internships have

The Hot Zone Essay -- essays research papers

In 1980 a man named Charles Monet went on a trip with a girlfriend up to Mountain Elgon in West Kenya. They spent the night there and went to a large cave called Kitcum cave. Three days after his return home, Charles began to have a headache. A few days later he went to the doctors and they told him he should go to a bigger/better hospital in Nairobi. So Charles flew to Nairobi. During the flight to Nairobi Charles found himself vomiting blood with a black liquid. Charles finally reached the hospital only to wait. While he was waiting and he lost all sense of balance. Charles started to go into shock. He started to throw up even more blood. The people who were there said the only sound was the choking in his throat from his constant vomiting. Then the horrid sound of his bowels opening up was also heard by the witnesses. Blood mixed with his intestinal lining then leaked out of his body. This was a dying process which happens to nine out of ten people who come in contact with the deadly disease is called â€Å"crashing and bleeding†. Samples of his blood were flown to all the major disease labs in the world. The disease was identified as Marburg Strain. In Sudan the same type of virus was wiping out whole tribes. So Gene Johnson (the one in charge of the Reston operation, and discoverer of Ebola Sudan) flew over there and worked with the sick members of the tribes to try and find a cure. This strain of Marburg was called Ebola Sudan because of where it was found. Later on in Zaire, missionaries would give vaccine shots and penicillin to local tribes to help reduce the number of outbreaks. One of the nuns whose name was unknown there became sick with a similar disease. She had the very first recorded case of Ebola Zaire which is the most dangerous of the three strains. She died and her blood was sent to disease labs all over the world as well. The strain was called Ebola Zaire since it was discovered in Zaire. In Reston, Maryland there was a monkey house that would ship monkeys all over the United States to labs for medical experiments. Suddenly the monkeys started dying. Peter JahlringHe was a disease expert at Fort Detrick from fort Detrick came and took a look at the monkeys and took some blood samples. Jahlring and Tom Geisbert then looked the samples, thinking it was just a monkey virus and accidentally exposed themselves to the virus. They looked at it un... ...tely be a very large panic. The virus would also spread so quickly and do so much damage in a very short period of time. The virus would basically wipe out our population if it weren’t contained/controlled properly.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The book presented this problem, with the virus being dormant for a while, and then starting to contaminate a population. The book also has the virus being spread within a lab holding monkeys (used for experiments) that was located in the United States. This creates fear in the reader’s mind, because one would think it is just a matter of time before the virus gets out into the â€Å"real† world. The book deals with the problem by locking up the lab and getting rid of the virus by placing chemicals into the building with the monkeys. Because this is a true story, I believe that this would be the most logical solution to the problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Overall, I felt this was a very interesting book to read. It was able to keep my attention and kept me from putting the book down. Some of the parts seemed to be a little graphic and were gross. I would recommend this book to anyone who wanted to read a good true story about viruses.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 3

Later that day Caroline was sitting with Matt Honeycutt, Meredith Sulez, and Bonnie McCullough, all listening to Stefan on Bonnie's mobile phone. â€Å"Late afternoon would be better,† Stefan told Bonnie. â€Å"She takes a little nap after lunch – and anyway, it'll be cooler in a couple hours. I told Elena you'd be coming by, and she's excited to see you. But remember two things. First, it's only been seven days since she came back, and she's not quite†¦herself yet. I think she'll get over her – symptoms – in just a few days, but meanwhile don't be surprised by anything. And second, don'tsay anything about what you see here. Not to anyone.† â€Å"Stefan Salvatore!† Bonnie was scandalized and offended. â€Å"After all we've been through together, you think we'd blab?† â€Å"Not blab,† Stefan's voice came back over the mobile, gently. But Bonnie was going on. â€Å"We've stuck together through rogue vampires and the town's ghost, and werewolves, and Old Ones, and secret crypts, and serial killings and – and – Damon – and have we ever told people about them?† Bonnie said. â€Å"I'm sorry,† Stefan said. â€Å"I just meant that Elena won't be safe if any of you tells even one person. It would be all over the newspapers right away:GIRL RETURNS TO LIFE . Andthen what do we do?† â€Å"I understand about that,† Meredith said briefly, leaning in so that Stefan could see her. â€Å"You don't need to worry. Every one of us will vow not to tellanyone .† Her dark eyes flicked momentarily toward Caroline and then away again. â€Å"Ihave to ask you† – Stefan was making use of all his Renaissance training in politeness and chivalry, particularly considering that three of the four people watching him on the phone were female – â€Å"do you really have any way to enforce a vow?† â€Å"Oh, I think so,† Meredith said pleasantly, this time looking Caroline directly in the eyes. Caroline flushed, her bronzed cheeks and throat turning scarlet. â€Å"Let us work it out, and in the afternoon, we'll come over.† Bonnie, who was holding the phone, said, â€Å"Anybody have anything else to say?† Matt had remained silent during most of the conversation. Now he shook his head, making his shock of fair hair fly. Then, as if he couldn't hold it back, he blurted, â€Å"Can we talk to Elena? Just to say hi? I mean – it's been a wholeweek .† His tanned skin burned with a sunset glow almost as brightly as Caroline's had. â€Å"I think you'd better just come over. You'll see why when you get here.† Stefan hung up. They were at Meredith's house, sitting around an old patio table in the backyard. â€Å"Well, we can at least take them some food,† Bonnie suggested, rocketing up from her seat. â€Å"God knows what Mrs. Flowers makes for them to eat – orif she does.† She made waving motions to the others as if to raise them from their chairs by levitation. Matt started to obey, but Meredith remained seated. She said quietly, â€Å"We just made a promise to Stefan. There's the matter of the vow first. And the consequences.† â€Å"I know you're thinking about me,† Caroline said. â€Å"Why don't you just say so?† â€Å"All right,† Meredith said, â€Å"I'm thinking about you. Why are you suddenly interested in Elena again? How can we be sure that you won't go spreading the news of this all around Fell's Church?† â€Å"Why would I want to?† â€Å"Attention. You'd love to be at the center of a crowd, giving them every juicy detail.† â€Å"Or revenge,† Bonnie added, suddenly sitting down again. â€Å"Or jealousy. Or boredom. Or – â€Å" â€Å"Okay,† Matt interrupted. â€Å"I think that's enough with the reasons.† â€Å"Just one more thing,† Meredith said quietly. â€Å"Why do youcare so much about seeing her, Caroline? The two of you haven't gotten along in almost a year, ever since Stefan came to Fell's Church. We let you in on the call to Stefan, but after what he said – â€Å" â€Å"If you really need a reason why I should care, after everything that happened a week ago, well†¦well, I would think you'd understand without being told!† Caroline fixed shining cat-green eyes on Meredith. Meredith looked back with her best no-expression expression. â€Å"All right!† Caroline said. â€Å"She killed him for me. Or had him called to Judgment, or whatever. That vampire, Klaus. And after being kidnapped and – and – and – used – like a toy – whenever Klaus wanted blood – or – † Her face twisted and her breathing hitched. Bonnie felt sympathy, but she also was wary. Her intuition was aching, warning her. And she noticed that although Caroline spoke about Klaus, the vampire, she was strangely silent about her other kidnapper, Tyler Smallwood, the werewolf. Maybe because Tyler had been her boyfriend until he and Klaus had held her hostage. â€Å"I'm sorry,† Meredith said in a quiet voice thatdid sound sorry. â€Å"So you want to thank Elena.† â€Å"Yes. I want to thank her.† Caroline was breathing hard. â€Å"And I want to make sure that she's okay.† â€Å"Okay. But this oath covers quite a bit of time,† Meredith continued calmly. â€Å"You may change your mind tomorrow, next week, a month from now†¦we haven't even thought about consequences.† â€Å"Look, we can'tthreaten Caroline,† Matt said. â€Å"Not physically.† â€Å"Or get other people to threaten her,† Bonnie said wistfully. â€Å"No, we can't,† Meredith said. â€Å"But for the short term – you're a sorority pledge this coming fall, aren't you, Caroline? I can always tell your prospective sorority sisters that you broke your solemn vow about somebody who is helpless to hurt you – who I'm sure doesn'twant to hurt you. Somehow I don't think they'd care for you much after that.† Caroline's face flushed deeply again. â€Å"You wouldn't. You wouldn't go interfering with my college – â€Å" Meredith cut her off with two words. â€Å"Try me.† Caroline seemed to wilt. â€Å"I never said I wouldn't take the vow, and I never said I wouldn't keep it. Just try me, why don't you? I – I've learned a few things this summer.† I should hope so.The words, although nobody said them aloud, seemed to hover over all of them. Caroline's hobby for the entire last year had been trying to find ways to hurt Stefan and Elena. Bonnie shifted position. There was something – shadowed – behind what Caroline was saying. She didn't know how she knew; it was the sixth sense that she'd been born with. But maybe it just had to do with how much Caroline had changed, with what she had learned, Bonnie told herself. Look how many times she'd asked Bonnie in the last week about Elena. Was she really all right? Could Caroline send flowers? Could Elena have visitors yet? Whenwould she be all right? Caroline really had been a nuisance, although Bonnie didn't have the heart to tell her that. Everyone else was waiting just as anxiously to see how Elena was†¦after returning from the afterlife. Meredith, who always had a pen and paper, was scribbling some words. Now she said, â€Å"How about this?† and they all leaned forward to look at the pad. I swear not to tellanyone about any supernatural events relating to Stefan or Elena, unless given specific permission to do so by Stefan or Elena. I will also help in the punishment of anyone who breaks this vow, in a way to be determined by the rest of the group. This vow is made in perpetuity, with my blood as my witness. Matt was nodding his head. â€Å" ¡Ã‚ ®In perpetuity' – perfect,† he said. â€Å"It sounds just like what an attorney would write.† What followed was not particularly attorney-like. Each of the individuals around the table took the piece of paper, read it aloud, and then solemnly signed it. Then they each pricked a finger with a safety pin that Meredith had in her purse and added a drop of blood beside their signatures, with Bonnie shutting her eyes as she pricked herself. â€Å"Now it's really binding,† she said grimly, as one who knows. â€Å"I wouldn't try to break this.† â€Å"I've had enough of blood for a long time,† Matt said, squeezing his finger and looking at it gloomily. That was when it happened. Meredith's contract was sitting in the center of the table so all could admire it when, from a tall oak where the backyard met the forest, a crow came swooping down. It landed on the table with a raw-throated scream, causing Bonnie to scream, too. The crow cocked an eye at the four humans, who were hastily pulling back their chairs to get out of its way. Then it cocked its head the other way. It was the biggest crow any of them had ever seen, and the sun stroked iridescent rainbows from its plumage. The crow seemed, for all the world, to be examining the contract. And then it did something so quickly that it made Bonnie dart behind Meredith, stumbling over her chair. It opened its wings, leaned forward, and pecked violently at the paper, seeming to aim at two specific spots. And then it was gone, first fluttering, and then soaring off until it was a tiny black speck in the sun. â€Å"It's ruined all our work,† Bonnie cried, still safely behind Meredith. â€Å"I don't think so,† said Matt, who was closer to the table. When they dared to move forward and look at the paper, Bonnie felt as if someone had thrown a blanket of ice around her back. Her heart began to pound. Impossible as it seemed, the violent pecking was all red, as if the crow had retched up blood to color it. And the red marks, surprisingly delicate, looked exactly like an ornate letter: D And under that: Elena is mine.

Lincoln Electric - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 16 Words: 4663 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Fall 2009 Lincoln Electric [pic] Submission Date: Nov 20, 2009 Lincoln’s Vision Statement â€Å"We are a global manufacturer and the market leader of the highest-quality welding, cutting and joining products. Our enduring passion for the development and application of our technologies allows us to create complete solutions that make our customers more productive and successful. We will distinguish ourselves through an unwavering commitment to our employees and a relentless drive to maximize shareholder’s value. †[1] Introduction Lincoln electric was founded by John C Lincoln in 1895 to manufacture motor generators. James F Lincoln joined the company in 1907 and in 1911 company built its first arc welding machine. James mechanical genius gave company a head start in welding. He developed a portable welding machine which was a significant improvement from stationed machine which gave L. E a lead in this industry. During World War II, Mr. Lincoln responde d to Government call and offered to share his proprietary methods and equipment designs with the rest of the manufacturing industry. In 1955 L. E again started manufacturing electric motors and its position in the market has grown steadily since then. pic] Lincoln Electric started its first major global expansion in 1986. It went from 5 manufacturing facilities to 22 manufacturing facilities in a short period of 6 years. The new acquisitions in Europe and Latin America suffered huge operating loses and company had to borrow money to pay bonuses to its employees in US facilities. The inexperience of L. E Executive staff with trade unions and labor laws and practices in other countries lead to a stumbling block in the effort to integrate new acquisitions into Lincoln’s distinctive management culture. In 1996 company bounced back and became profitable and renewed its expansion into other countries such as Italy and Indonesia. In 1997 company opened its joint venture plant in Indonesia and in 1998 it expanded to China. In 1999 L. E acquired 35% of equity position in Taiwan based consumables company, Kuang Tai. In 2000 L. E acquire Italian based manufacturer C. I. F. A Spa and strengthen its position in Europe. In 2001 L. E strengthen its position in Latin America by acquiring Venezuela based company in consumable welding products. In 2002 it acquired Bester S. A a Poland based welding manufacturing company and expanded its operations in Eastern Europe. Following exhibit shows the breakdown of L. E sales industry wise. [pic] Valuable lessons learned from 80s expansion proved to be very useful for the company’s second round of global expansion. L. E is more cautious about the local economies, its socio economic and political fabrics, but is has not compromised on its bedrock principles. 1. Should Lincoln Electric expand into India by investing in a major production facility there? The fact India accounts for 3% of the Global Welding Industry S ales and 17% of the world population makes this market naturally attractive, in addition India’s GDP has been growing at an average of 6% year after year for about 20 years, and Goldman Sachs projects that India will become the world fastest growing economy over the next 50 years, which means that the country will be investing heavily in infrastructure that will boost the welding market including, but not limited to, highways, railroad, oil and gas pipes and airports. In addition, India is located in a geo-economical region that represents 45% of the global welding sales – more that North America and Europe combined that account for 23% and 21% respectively. [pic] Source: â€Å"Lincoln Electric† Article, Jordan Siegel, Harvard Business School, August 25, 2008 Specifically to India, although the major competitors are Ador and ESAB, there are over 300 other smaller competitors, but the major companies have been enjoying sustained profit: [pic] Source: â€Å"Li ncoln Electric† Article, Jordan Siegel, Harvard Business School, August 25, 2008 On the other hand when considering the Six Forces of Industry Analysis, this is a tough market to get into: †¢ Threat of new entrants: High, there are already hundreds of firms and requires low capital †¢ Rivalry among existing firms: High, including high imitation †¢ Threat of substitute products: High, imitation, other welding technologies †¢ Bargaining power of buyers: High, multiply producers †¢ Bargaining power of suppliers: High, multiple buyers †¢ Relative power of other stakeholders: Low to Medium, business friendly government This probably explains why major competitors that are already established in India are still not able to make a significant profit. However, in our opinion Lincoln Electric should have a presence in the Indian market and must do it fast as the late entry to Japan market was a major reason why Lincoln is straggling in that market. T he question is how? Considering the challenges above we suggest Experimental entrance with selected exporting and building partnerships with distributors, goods can be shipped out to India from nearby manufacturing facilities in China and Indonesia. This careful entrance way will enable Lincoln to better understand the Indian market, culture, and government regulations so they don’t make the same mistakes they made in Europe. At this point it seems that a natural progression will be to acquire a local plant, but this may change after they’ve spent enough time studying the market and they may instead go with other options such as building plants or other forms of partnerships. 2. If you were to expand into India, would you enter through acquisition, a Greenfield site or some type of joint venture? Which factors would inform your decision among these entry mode choices? For many years major welding challenges were major roadblocks from the Railways and Shipping Ind ustry. Of late Nuclear, Aerospace, Oil and Gas industry offers major challenges to the Welding industry in terms of highest quality and technical requirements. The unprecedented growth in the Auto Industry, Oil Gas, Steel and infrastructure development generated many applications of Welding technologies and large number of openings for the skilled Welding professionals in the country. The investments and skills required for welding applications in the Power Sector are high according to Mr. Baldev Raj, Director, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam. [2] All of the above challenges are faced by the growing Indian economy in all of the above situations and that’s where Lincoln electric can come to the rescue and expand its global operations in India. Some of the challenges Lincoln Electric would face while planning to expand to Indian welding market would be †¢ Difficult to deal with local government authorities †¢ Difficult to establish distribution channels Strong competition with major and minor players †¢ Little profitability of the existing international players †¢ Difficult market to enter through acquisition Despite the challenges there are many favorable characteristics to grow in to Indian market as well which includes †¢ High industrial growth rate †¢ Growing demand from large infrastructure products †¢ Friendly to use of incentive pay-for-performance which has been their unique model in North America †¢ Low labor cost †¢ Bilingual and local talented managers easily available †¢ High demand of the welding products Indian market is a very high risk market with tremendous amounts of challenges despite of high growth rate and other factors mentioned before. Our suggestion would be to enter the market through a major distribution channel as the strategy adopted in South Korea. This would give them a slow and experimental entry while minimizing risk entering into such a volatile m arket. It will also give LE an opportunity to understand the market conditions better while learning the rules, regulations and culture of the country. The lessons learned from building in Chinese and South Korean market can be applied to expanding in Indian market. Also the harsh lessons learned from the failure of expansion in Japan, Germany and other European countries can be used to avoid making the similar mistakes. While establishing the distribution channels, Lincoln should provide their technical expertise to Indian customer base to provide an integrated package to solve customer’s process problems and improve process productivity with its ability to combine both equipment and consumables development needs. This will be a particularly attractive proposition to the customers where Lincoln Electric can offer technical advice to the customers without actually charging them directly for the advice. By providing the world class welding training to the customers in In dia, Lincoln will strengthen their brand identity and will be able to provide unique value to the customers. Visiting prospective customers, evaluating their requirements and providing specific suggestion as to what products and processes along with return on investment projection will help bring trust and value among Indian market. Since Lincoln Electric already have a fully operational manufacturing facility offering complete range of products in China, it can serve as the country exporting to India while Lincoln is establishing in India through distribution channels As LE understand the market better and get more comfortable with the Indian culture, the natural progression from there would be to acquire one (or more) of the other major players like DH Secheron , Anand Arc, Indo Matushita which have their own niche in the market. This would give LE a stronger presence in the country. Lincoln can also initiate green initiative awareness program in the country where they focus on company’s initiatives to reduce environmental impact of its manufacturing processes and products. While expanding in the Indian market they need to stress on the fact that their continued investment in technological advancement for its welding products has resulted in lower environmental impacts for its customers adhering to the environmental standards and helping keep the environment green. They can use it as one of the distinguishing factors from other major players in the market. Customers are looking to automate their welding processes to increase productivity, improve quality, offset a shortage of welding operators, resolve environmental and safety issues, and compete better in the global markets. Lincoln can be a partner in achieving this goal for the customers. Lincoln is the world leader in automation technology for the welding industry and has invested aggressively in research and development to meet this growing need. While further expansion in India they wou ld need to evaluate †¢ Markets and Customers Education and the Workforce’s Image †¢ Business Practices and Economics †¢ Developments in Information Technology †¢ Quality, Reliability, and Serviceability †¢ Regulation, Certification, and Standards †¢ Integration of Products and Processes †¢ Development of Materials †¢ Safety and Health †¢ New Technological Strategies †¢ Competitive analysis †¢ Profitability Evaluating above factors, and after analyzing the profitability from their experience through distribution channels, Lincoln can plan to invest in a Greenfield facility. They need to project their return on investment if they plan to expand through Greenfield facility. In addition to expanding manufacturing in the Indian market, Lincoln can also explore technology relationships with India’s leading industrial companies. They can start with low production capacity and increase it based on demand. They can use I ndian facility to meet the domestic needs initially and later it can serve as the production facility catering to the needs of other neighboring countries. Also they can expand in more than one production facilities depending on growth and return on investment. While doing the research we found that Lincoln Electric has already inaugurated its manufacturing facility in Chennai, India in May 2008 investing $20 million. â€Å"We have grown at a CAGR of 46% in the Indian market from 2003 to 2008, and the share of Asia in our global business has risen from 5% to 22% from 1998 to 2008,† said Lincoln Electric Asia Pacific president Thomas A Flohn. â€Å"We felt our volumes had reached enough scale in India [pic] to set up our own unit here. † He cited the growth of the infrastructure sector and the planned spend on infrastructure as potential demand for the company’s consumables. 3] 3. In Which countries is Lincoln Electric likely to be most successful or least suc cessful? Why? How would this guide your own choice of where to place Lincoln Electric’s production facilities abroad? Lincoln Electric is a leading global manufacturer of welding products. Lincoln Electric is the leading supplier to the $12 billion global arc welding market and is recognized worldwide for its innovative technology, high-quality products and creative business model. The Company is the market leader in North America and among the top three suppliers in all of its major geographic markets. 4] Lincoln Electric is likely to be most successful in the following regions a)North America Lincoln Electric is most successful in North America. Their strategy is to empower their employees, promote employee involvement and build a winning relationship with the employees. Their success in North America can be characterized by the following factors. †¢ Strong brand identity †¢ Large technically trained field sales †¢ Leader in innovation and technology †¢ Broad Product line and distribution base †¢ Very flexible, efficient consumable manufacture †¢ Dedicated and talented workforce Strong distribution and customer service †¢ Incentive performance system †¢ Bonus incentive programs for employees based on their performance evaluation and company’s gain sharing program b)Latin America The Latin America is particularly attractive and has higher chances of Lincoln Electric’s success. In Latin America, Lincoln Electric had led to increased demand for welding product. Lincoln had expanded and strengthened its infrastructure by cost positioning and increasing its manufacturing capacity in Mexico, Venezuela, Brazil and Columbia. Strengthening of the energy sector and increased global demand for commodities has generated healthy industrial growth and domestic consumption for many economies in Latin America. Oil-related investments were particularly strong in 2005, and countries such as Mexico and Brazil have leveraged their relatively low cost bases to grow their exports in a variety of industries which directly impacted the opportunities of Lincoln Electric. c)Asia Pacific Asia Pacific is fastest growing market in the Welding industry. Lincoln was failure in beginning for several decades in China. After that company had decided Chinese expansion with a Taiwanese Partner and focusing on developing stronger distribution and marketing, a local R D Capability, a broad logistic network, local management and with technical staffing, Lincoln had achieved its many goals. Asia Pacific market is very attractive and gives ample opportunities of growth and success for Lincoln Electric since the demand for welding products has been constantly growing because of the following factors †¢ Infrastructure expansion projects throughout the region †¢ Growing economies †¢ Strengthening of the energy and shipbuilding sectors )Europe, Russia, Middle East Africa: Demand for welding produc ts in Eastern Europe has grown significantly largely due to the transfer of heavy industry and shipbuilding from Western Europe to this lower-cost region. In order to lower costs, it shifted its Harris Ireland and its LE France operations to Katowice, Poland. The eastern European factory is cheaper to run and is closer to the market for goods in the region. Lincoln had improved its operation by lowering cost and introduction of variety of new products to serve customers more efficiently and gain market share in established Western Europe. In addition, increasing investment in oil and gas production in Russia is leading to new opportunities for Lincoln. The Company continues to expand its commercial infrastructure and presence in Russia. Although the markets for Lincoln’s products are growing more rapidly in Eastern Europe and Russia, the Company has strong product portfolios and opportunities to grow market share in Western Europe as well. Although Lincoln Electric’ s products can be used almost everywhere but some of the markets would remain unattractive for expansion. The countries where Lincoln Electric is likely to be least successful would be a) Japan In Japan, Lincoln had started producing low end consumable for domestic production but the domestic producer had focusing on advanced and automated welding equipments. Low end consumable were imported from South Korea and China. Japanese welding market demanded the latest high technology welding product with exceptional presale and post sales support and high quality commodity consumable at competitive prices. Lincoln electric did not had any market access at the commodity end of market and company had limited in country or after sales support capability. The reasons for failure in the Japanese market included †¢ No Lincoln distribution channel, †¢ Lack of brand recognition †¢ No sales force to sell commodity products that can be imported from China or Taiwan. †¢ Sma ll customer base †¢ Equipment not customized to Japan’s voltage system resulting in poor performance of the equipment; hence the inability to charge premium price for the product. †¢ Lincoln did not enter in strong local competition with sufficient resources †¢ Lack of proper market research for local Japanese market. b) South Korea Some of the major challenges for Lincoln Electric to be successful in Korea would be †¢ Reluctance of companies to invest in high end welding equipment †¢ Challenges of providing prompt product delivery and complete technical support with any local production †¢ Long lead time to ship the high end products from Cleveland, Ohio, USA to Korea Korean market is slowly turning into more attractive market and Lincoln Electric can be more successful eventually by †¢ Hyundai heavy industries and others began to move into shipbuilding and thus demanding latest welding technology. Lead times can be reduced by planning t o ship the products from China production facilities c) China Lincoln Electric Shanghai welding company had faced problems while trying to establish a operation in China. The problems included †¢ Difficulty to deal with local government authorities. †¢ Hard to establish strong distribution channels †¢ Finding competent local managers †¢ Challenges in day to day manufacturing operations Because of the negative experiences of LE, the company decided expansion with a Taiwanese partner, Kuang Tai. Lincoln had achieved many of its goals; however, because of partnership structure future growth is restricted. The company was also finding challenging to attract and retain local talent in supply chain logistic, quality assurance, product development, purchasing and sourcing. How would this guide your own choice of where to place Lincoln Electric’s production facilities abroad? While Lincoln Electric started its expansion expanding in various countries around the globe, they had encountered failure in some countries. Lessons learned from those failures would be necessary to plan for other global expansion projects. The Asia-Pacific region is the fastest-growing market in the welding industry. Throughout the region, infrastructure projects, improving economies, and the strength of the energy and shipbuilding sectors are combining to generate substantial demand for the welding products. In developing economies like China, India and others, buying powers of customers is growing and high end automobile and other infrastructure’s projects demand is also continuously increasing. This makes the developing economies an ideal choice for Lincoln Electric’s global expansion. Also demand has been strong in South Korea and Japan, reflecting the growth of liquid natural gas and shipbuilding projects. Although company had faced challenges in these countries earlier but with appropriate strategies, these markets can be leveraged for Lin coln Electric’s strong growth. The Company also is expanding capacity at its Indonesia facility to meet the increased demand for electrodes. Growth in the mining regions of Australia increased demand for engine-driven welders in 2005. This will make Australian market an attractive market too. Also it might be a less challenging market because of similar language and culture. In 2007, Lincoln’s revenue came more from foreign countries than U. S. |Breakdown of Revenue by Geography (in thousands) |2005 |2006 |2007 | |United States |$839,038 |$1,004,786 |$1,064,113 | |Foreign countries |$762,152 |$967,129 |$1,216,671 | |Total |$1,601,190 |$1,971,915 |$2,280,784 | | | | | | All the emerging economies and developing markets offer a growth potential for Lincoln Electric. They should place production facilities in developing regions like India, China, Brazil, and Russia. India is currently an important hub for R D outsourcing. All the major companies in the business of technology and financial services are growing in India with India offering number of advantages like availability of large talent pool, lower operating cost, attractive government policies and number of other benefits. All these factors make India a very attractive choice for Lincoln Electric’s expansion. . When Lincoln Electric goes to India and other countries, what factors should determine how much it adapts its core incentive pay-for-performance management practices to local labor market norms? Should Lincoln Electric follow the adage â€Å"when in Rome, do as the Romans do,† or should it seek to always replicate the recipe behind its success in the home plant in Cleveland? Lincoln Electric’s was founded in late 1800’s by an engineer, and has strove never to have layoffs. Their unique incentive system rewarded for hard work and instills personal responsibility to all the employees. Their incentives included †¢ Wages based solely on piecework p roduced in all manufacturing. †¢ No payment for a faulty product ensuring quality product †¢ Annual bonus which could equal or exceed individual annual pay. †¢ Guaranteed employment for all workers. †¢ Promotion from within These are the bedrock of Lincoln Electric management philosophy but during 80s expansion, which showed us that one fits all strategy does not work properly and they need to be adjusted. For example in Europe, Government is the main labor organizer and wages solely on piecework produced caused major troubles. Secondly European were more interested in paid time off then bonuses, which leaves Lincoln Electric to only one incentive that seemed to be effective in almost all countries and that is guaranteed employment for all workers. Indian labor market is fragmented and there are many forces that dictate some kind of influence on the labor market. Since the Independence, many political parties have chanted the mantra of fair labor laws practice s but corruption on the higher levels in government stop short of providing concrete benefits. During Cold war, India was closely aligned with Soviet block and many of its politicians aligned their political slogans with communism and Marxism, but they all proved to be empty slogans. Since the collapse of Soviet union, India opened up to Western investments and with steady government support for international business and investment Indian economy is one of the fasted growing economy in that region. India since its independence is being a stable democracy. It has seen its share of problems but the fact remains that during the worst of times Indian democracy prevailed which provides comfort and security to international businesses. Now the question is how to implement incentives in Indian manufacturing facilities to maximize the profitability and production. India has seen major growth in GDP in its 60 years of history but the fact remains that majority of its population remain s below the poverty line according to international standards. By looking at the superficial makeup of socio political and economical factors of Indian labor market, it seems obvious that implementing the incentives program would make sense but previous experiences teaches us not to take a leap on basis of assumptions and weak research data. After analyzing the Indian culture and its labor practices L. E should start with some kind of hybrid formula which will not contradict with its core values. This should be done in start and slowly all manufacturing workers will be brought into its core incentive program. For instance, job guarantee would be implied in the beginning stage with base salary program. Once the work force is trained properly, then bonuses should be introduced followed by slow transition to wages based on piecework produced. By doing so it will give L. E enough time and knowledge to judge which incentive works best in Indian market and will give enough time to a djust to its local workforce needs and demands. In short, ‘One stroke for all folks’ is not a strategy that Lincoln electric should be pursuing but rather flexibility and willingness to work along with the local needs and desires without compromising its core values will produce optimal results. â€Å"When in Rome, do as Romans do† will be the adage that Lincoln Electric will definitely need to follow. They can maintain their core values and principles but be flexible enough to modify their strategy, incentive system according to the local practices adopted in the country adhering to local laws and regulations. Conclusion Lincoln Electric’s success can be summed in its founder James F Lincoln’s words, â€Å"Competition is the foundation of man’s development. It has made the human race what it is. It is the spur that makes progress. Every nation that has eliminated it as the controlling force in its economy has disappeared, or will. We wil l do the same if eliminate it by trying to give security, and for the same reason. Competition means that there will be losers and winners in the game. Competition will mean the disappearance of lazy and incompetent, be they workers, industrialists or distributors. Competition promotes progress and determines who will be the leader. It is the only known way leadership progress can developed if history means anything. It is completely necessary for anyone, be he worker, user, distributor or boss, if he is to grow. † (Incentive management) Due to this philosophy Lincoln Electric competed with the competitors in the form of global expansion. Its first operation outside US border is dated back to 1925. LE set its operation in Toronto. Next in the year 1938, it setup sales offices and manufacturing facility in Sydney, Australia. Third and last expansion during James F Lincoln time was in 1955, when James was invited to setup a manufacturing plant in France under the marshal plan. After the death of James Lincoln in 1965, William Irrgang, a brilliant engineer, who at one point had experienced the terror of German Nazis, became the head of LE and later chairman of the company. Given Irrgang experiences in Europe, he remained sceptical of foreign expansion and sought to serve customers world wide through Lincoln plants in Ohio. He was firmly opposed to foreign expansion and domestic expansion through acquisition of domestic competitors due to antitrust laws. After Irrgand, George Willis took the reigns of the company and sought global expansion very aggressively. George Willis began to embark on a program to increase its competitiveness in International markets. In 1987 Lincoln acquired L’Air Liquide, liquide arc welding operations in Australia. In the same year Lincoln acquired Brasoldas in Brazil and in 1988 another acquisition of Torsima in Brazil. Construction of a new facility in Nahara Japan was completed in 1989 and at the same year Li ncoln completed a new manufacturing plant in Venezuela. In 1992 Lincoln purchased Harris Calorific, the oldest manufacturing of gas welding and cutting apparatus in USA. Lincoln next big move was to buy Maser Griescheim of Germany, the most expensive company, and named it Maser Lincoln GmbH. During George expansion plan Lincoln invested close to $325 millions. These acquisitions were done on the basis of poor knowledge and judgment of George Willis which resulted big losses overseas and brought the company to its knees. Company solvency was in question and despite strong sales in USA, company could not offset the overseas losses. Lincoln Electric had to borrow money to pay annual bonuses to 3000 US workers. It took another 3 years of hard work and constant research and adjustments to bring the Lincoln electric back to profitability. During 80s and early 92 experiences made Lincoln Electric to realize that one size fits all does not work in International markets. Every market d emands different strategy and approach. Every international acquisition should be well researched and well planned. Local customs, rules of the game and labour laws should be well studied. With this new knowledge from its own failures Lincoln came out much stronger and well prepared. Its last decade expansion into China, Korea, Indonesia and India is proven testament to it. Since then Lincoln Electric has been expanding globally fully prepared to be the world leader in the welding industry. References Lincoln Corporate Website; 2005 annual report. https://content. incolnelectric. com/pdfs/corporate/investor/ar/ar05/lincoln_ar_2005_2. pdf. Lincoln Co. Corporate Website. https://www. wikinvest. com/stock/Lincoln_Electric_Holdings_(LECO)#Acquisitions_in_Asia_lead_to_strong_positions_in_developing_ nations. [LECO 2008 Company Report Sterne Agee Welding Overview p. 3]. LECO 10-K 2008 Consolidated Statements of Income F-5 ; Lincoln’s company Website. https://www. wikinvest. com/wik i/India. https://www. wikinvest. com/stock/Lincoln_Electric_Holdings_(LECO)#Acquisitions_in_Asia_lead_to_strong_positions_in_developing_ nations https://www. cia. ov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/in. html https://harvardbusinessonline. hbsp. harvard. edu/flatmm/hbrextras/200801/porter/index. html [1] https://www. lincolnelectric. com/corporate/about/vision. asp [2] https://machinist. in/index. php? option=com_contenttask=viewid=783Itemid=2 [3] https://economictimes. indiatimes. com/News/News-By-Industry/Cons-Products/Electronics/Lincoln-Electric-invests-20-mn-on-India-unit/articleshow/4510809. cms [4] https://content. lincolnelectric. com/pdfs/corporate/investor/ar/ar05/lincoln_ar_2005_2. pdf Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Lincoln Electric" essay for you Create order